Extended Data Fig. 9: Galectin-3-fluorescent reporter system for detection of lysosomal damage. | Nature Nanotechnology

Extended Data Fig. 9: Galectin-3-fluorescent reporter system for detection of lysosomal damage.

From: Carbon nanotube recognition by human Siglec-14 provokes inflammation

Extended Data Fig. 9

a, Galectin-3 is normally distributed throughout cytoplasm and nucleus. Upon lysosomal membrane rupture, Galectin-3 is rapidly recruited lysosomes to access the luminal β-galactoside sugar-containing carbohydrates. Galectin-3 fused with monomeric azami-green fluorescent protein (mAG-Gal3) allows visualization of galectin-3 re-localization and is used as a tool to monitor vesicle rupture. Figure was drawn with BioRender.com. b, THP-1 cells stably expressing Siglec-14 and mAG-Gal3 were stimulated with MWCNTs, SWCNTs (100 μg/ml each), or a lysosomotropic compound L-Leucyl-L-leucine methy ester (LLOMe; 3 mM) for 3 hr. Cells were stained with DAPI and were analyzed by fluorescence microcopy.

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