Extended Data Fig. 1: Demonstration of the utility of SynBioNFs to detect SCV2 on fluorescent, electrochemical, and naked eye platforms.

(a) Fluorescent platform showing different fluorescent intensities in the presence of SCV2 and medium control (p < 0.0001, two-tailed t test). Electrochemical measurement on SPEs showing (b) DPV graph, (c) percentage current change (that is, [(iBaseline – iTarget)/iBaseline] ×100) for SCV2 and medium control (p = 0.0055, two-tailed t test), and (d) CV characterisation. Baseline refers to the DPV response of SPEs reacted with SynBioNFs (W25-MatterTag). (e) Naked eye based LFA testing SCV2 and medium control, in which C, T indicated control and test line, respectively. The control line was coated with SCV2 RBD. Date are presented as the mean values ± standard deviation from three independent experiments.