Extended Data Fig. 5: High-resolution artificial retina device.

a, Photograph of the artificial retina where a high-resolution transistor array was integrated with 3D liquid-metal electrodes (250 × 250 pixels). Scale bar, 1 mm. b, SEM image of this phototransistor array with 3D liquid microelectrodes (pixel pitch: 40 μm, pillar height: 60 μm, pillar diameter: 5 µm) before depositing the top parylene-C encapsulating layer. Scale bar, 100 μm. This experiment was repeated 2 times independently with similar results.