Fig. 5: In vivo experiment using live rd1 mice for vision restoration.
a, Photograph of the in vivo experimental setup using the live rd1 mouse. The inset shows the fundus image of a live rd1 mouse with device implantation. Scale bar, 1 mm. b, Schematic (left) and optical coherence tomography image (right) of the retina of the rd1 mouse after device implantation. Scale bars, 100 μm. c, Schematic of the in vivo experiment under full-field blue-light illumination (wavelength, 470 nm; intensity, 1.80 mW cm−2). The inset shows the fundus image of a live rd1 mouse with the implanted device under full-field blue-light illumination. The distorted image is due to light refraction from the artificial vitreous body. Scale bar, 200 μm. d, Spike train and firing rate of the evoked RGC spikes during device operation under constant full-field blue-light illumination. Scale bars, 200 ms (horizontal); 100 μV (left, vertical); 40 Hz (right, vertical). e, Contour plot of firing rates of the evoked RGC spikes under full-field blue-light illumination. f, Schematic of the in vivo animal experiment under continuous laser exposure (wavelength, 415 nm; intensity, 1.80 mW cm−2) through an ellipsoidal-patterned shadow mask. The inset shows the fundus image of a live rd1 mouse with the implanted device under continuous laser exposure through an ellipsoidal-patterned shadow mask. Scale bar, 200 μm. g, Spike train and firing rate of the evoked RGC spikes during device operation under continuous laser exposure through an ellipsoidal-patterned shadow mask. Scale bars, 200 ms (horizontal); 100 μV (left, vertical); 40 Hz (right, vertical). h, Contour plot of firing rates of the evoked RGC spikes under the illumination of patterned laser. i, Index of pixels of the artificial retina. The coloured ellipsoid indicates the local illumination spot of a laser. j, Firing rates of all the pixels for the laser-illuminated and laser-unilluminated state (n = 3). The error bars denote s.d. Significance was calculated using an unpaired one-tailed t-test: P < 0.0001 (****). k, Normalized firing rate with three different laser illumination states in every pixel. Data are mean ± s.d. with n = 3 biologically independent mice.
