Extended Data Fig. 1: SEM images of the 3D-printed liquid-metal pillar with their tip selectively opened.

a, SEM image of the 3D-printed liquid-metal pillar with their tip selectively opened using anisotropic O2 RIE before the electroplating of platinum nanoclusters. Scale bar, 10 mm. b, magnified SEM view of this tip. Scale bar, 1 mm. This experiment was repeated more than 10 times independently with similar results.