Fig. 3: {111}c-type nanotwinning is ubiquitous in bulk FAPbI3 thin films as observed via spatial nanoscale structural maps.
From: Picosecond quantum transients in halide perovskite nanodomain superlattices
a, VBF image formed from a typical area of a vapour-deposited FAPbI3 film (as displayed in f), obtained at ambient temperature. Scale bar, 500 nm. b, Expanded image of the region marked in a. Scale bar, 200 nm. c, The average diffraction pattern from the grain highlighted in b. Scale bar, 1 Å−1. d,e, False-colour VDF images formed when ‘apertures’ are placed over the spots corresponding to opposing twins, marked by the blue circles in c. Scale bars, 200 nm. f, VBF images from the SED dataset obtained at ambient temperature and stitched together to form a large-area map with the blue points exhaustively showing where grains are oriented close to a <110>c zone axis such that the observation of nanotwinning is most pronounced. Scale bar, 3 μm.
