Fig. 2: Electrochemical properties of CeO2–IrO2.

a,b, The lattice oxygen solubility (a) and LSV (b) of MO–IrO2 (where M is Ce, Ta, Nb, V, W, Mo or Cr). c, A performance and Ir dissolution comparison of CeO2–IrO2 with different Ce ratios. J denotes the current density, E represents the applied potential and C indicates the concentration. d,e, A high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope image (d) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy plot (e) of CeO2–IrO2. f, The surface pH (bottom) and J (top) of CeO2–IrO2 and IrO2 detected by rotating ring disk electrode.