Fig. 1: High-speed, visible-wavelength and cryogenic-compatible PICs. | Nature Photonics

Fig. 1: High-speed, visible-wavelength and cryogenic-compatible PICs.

From: High-speed programmable photonic circuits in a cryogenically compatible, visible–near-infrared 200 mm CMOS architecture

Fig. 1: High-speed, visible-wavelength and cryogenic-compatible PICs.

a, Schematic of a four-mode programmable circuit consisting of cascaded MZIs for SU(4) operations. b, Trade space diagram of the power–reconfiguration rate for other CMOS-compatible photonic technologies and our piezo-actuated photonics. c, Microscopy images of a fully processed 200 mm wafer with insets showing the zoomed-in view of a reticle and a 4 × 4 MZM. d, Three-dimensional concept art of an MZI with piezo-optomechanical phase shifters. e, Cross-sectional diagram of our phase shifter, illustrating how an applied voltage across the piezo results in strain imparted to the optical waveguide.

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