Fig. 5: Proof-of-principle MZM operation at 737 nm. | Nature Photonics

Fig. 5: Proof-of-principle MZM operation at 737 nm.

From: High-speed programmable photonic circuits in a cryogenically compatible, visible–near-infrared 200 mm CMOS architecture

Fig. 5: Proof-of-principle MZM operation at 737 nm.

a, Scanning electron microscopy image of the device. b, Photograph of the photonic chip, wire bonds, printed circuit board, and optical input/output for testing. c, Diagram of MZI list and labels for optical input/output; fibre channels 1 and 8 are not connected and channels 2 and 7 are straight-through waveguides for alignment and calibration. d, Actuation of numbered MZI while plotting optical outputs 3 and 4 or 5 and 6; optical inputs used are input 3 for MZIs 2, 3 and 5; input 4 for MZI6; and input 6 for MZI1 and MZI4. The plotted optical power is normalized to the input laser power after accounting for facet coupling losses. e, Measured signal amplitude from fibre outputs 5 and 6 of the 4 × 4 MZM with a 10 V, 100 MHz driving sinusoid on MZI2. f, Signal amplitude as a function of lock-in phase; integration time for the lock-in measurements is 4 ms.

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