Fig. 1: High-speed plasmonic micro-RT modulator concept.
From: Resonant plasmonic micro-racetrack modulators with high bandwidth and high temperature tolerance

The concept presented here offers more than 400 Gbps intensity-modulated transmission capacity, a bandwidth of more than 176 GHz and an improved operating point stability towards thermal changes. a, Artistic rendition of the micro-RT modulator concept with labelled components. Intensity modulation of the CW laser light is achieved by including a plasmonic–organic-hybrid phase modulator in the feedback loop of a photonic micro-RT structure coupled to a bus waveguide with a directional coupler. Low losses can be achieved by undercoupling of the cavity. b, Transmission spectra of the intensity modulator for ±Vmod driving voltage and corresponding bit levels of the modulated optical signal transmitted in the bus waveguide. The OMA is the difference in transmitted power between the signal levels.