Extended Data Fig. 7: Schematic illustration of the growth pathways of FA0.9Cs0.1SnI3 perovskites with PEAI or VmB1 alone.
From: Additive treatment yields high-performance lead-free perovskite light-emitting diodes

a, With PEAI. The interaction between PEAI and FAI can facilitate oriented growth. b, With VmB1. VmB1 molecules can effectively suppress the aggregation of Sn-based perovskite clusters.