Extended Data Fig. 1: Spatial distribution of ciliated clusters during ciliogenesis.
From: Active mucus–cilia hydrodynamic coupling drives self-organization of human bronchial epithelium
a, Size distributions of ciliated cluster for different cilia densities φ. The size of clusters is expressed as the number of ciliated cells with a mean cell area of 40 µm². At the beginning of ciliogenesis, most clusters are formed by 1–2 ciliated cells. Upon differentiation of new ciliated cells, more clusters are formed, which grow larger and eventually connect. We observe the appearance of a percolating cluster (for a density above 60 %), in coexistence with clusters of finite size. The size distribution for φ = 68 corresponds to the clusters of finite size, and the percolating cluster has disappeared. For each cilia density, φ and the cluster size distributions are computed on 9 tiles of size 440 µm x 330 µm. φ is the mean density + /- standard deviation. Data are from samples #5 and #6. b–f, Characteristic spatial distribution of ciliated cells at different φ. For φ = 4 %, only sparse clusters of few cells are present (b). While φ increases, the number and the size of clusters increase (c-e). For φ = 70 % we observe a percolating cluster, in coexistence with clusters of finite size (f). The colorbar indicates the number of ciliated cells per cluster and the largest cluster appears in yellow. Scale bars are 50 µm.
