Extended Data Fig. 3: Planar cell polarity patterns in absence of mucus.
From: Active mucus–cilia hydrodynamic coupling drives self-organization of human bronchial epithelium
PCP protein Vangl1 over an area of ~1.3 mm x 1.1 mm in a sample (#21), where a millimetric swirl was initially present and then the mucus had been removed by performing successive washing. The sample has been fixed after one week in absence of mucus. The yellow lines are a guide for the eyes and represent the main orientations orthogonal to Vangl1 (featuring cilia beat directions). The millimetric circular order is lost and PCP exhibits instead numerous swirly patterns. Angle distributions of ciliary beats, computed from Vangl1 orientation, are plotted for 4 quadrants as in Fig. 3 (dashed triangles, arc of a circle with radius of 500 µm and subtending an angle of 35°). The red lines indicate the median of the distributions with α = 90 for top left, α = 96 for top right, α = 96 for bottom right and α = 83 for bottom left. Scale bar = 100 µm.
