Extended Data Fig. 4: Charge control and calibration.
From: Non-Hermitian dynamics and non-reciprocity of optically coupled nanoparticles
To change the amount of net charges attached to the particles we ignite a plasma at a high-voltage pin inside the vacuum chamber. We monitor the number of charges by driving the particles via an AC field, applied to electrodes mounted to the trapping lens (signal, red line) and a lens tube (ground, dark blue line), at a relative distance of De = (5 ± 1) mm. The electric drive can be seen as a sharp peak (red) in the power spectral densities if the particles are charged. We estimate the remaining charges to be q1 = (2.5 ± 0.7) e and q2 = (1.5 ± 0.5) e, where e is the elementary charge.
