Correction to: Nature Physics https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02628-4, published online 17 September 2024.

In the version of the article initially published, ref. 52 was incomplete and has now been amended to “Cario, L., Tranchant, J., Corraze, B. & Janod, E. in Metal Oxides for Non-Volatile Memory (eds. Dimitrakis, P. et al.) Ch. 10 (Elsevier, 2022)” in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.