Fig. 5: Dynamics of cell area, elongation and response to a range of pressures.
From: Interplay of actin nematodynamics and anisotropic tension controls endothelial mechanics
a, Schematic of the mean cell area dynamics (i). Normalized cell area as a function of time (ii), comparing the experimental data (dots) and model prediction (solid lines), for a constant pressure ΔP ≈ 150 Pa (yellow, n = 8) and after the pressure increase ΔP ≈ 650 Pa (red, n = 7 (7 h), n = 3 (24 h) and n = 2 (56 h)). Proliferation rate kd as a function of cell density (iii), measured between t = 0 and t = 7 h, for monolayers under low pressure ΔP0 ≈ 150 Pa (yellow dots) and high pressure ΔPm ≈ 650 Pa (red dots). Lines: exponential fit. Grey square: prediction from isotropic shear decomposition. b, Schematic of the cell elongation dynamics (i). Cell circumferential elongation Q as a function of the actin nematic order parameter q (ii), showing a linear empirical correlation, colour coded for time (0 h, yellow; 7 h, orange; 24 h, red; 56 h, purple), with the experimental data as in Fig. 2d(iv). Cell circumferential elongation Q as a function of time (iii), comparing the experimental data (dots) and model prediction (solid lines), for a constant pressure ΔP ≈ 150 Pa (yellow, n = 8) and with a pressure increase ΔP ≈ 650 Pa (red, n = 7 (7 h), n = 3 (24 h) and n = 2 (56 h)), with the experimental data as in Fig. 2c(iv),d(iv). Blue line: model prediction for the case in which the cell elongation follows tissue deformation. c, Schematic of the different pressures applied to the endothelial tube (i). Normalized tube radius R/R0 (ii), actin nematic order parameter q (iii), cell area a/a0 (iv) and cell elongation Q (v) as a function of pressure, measured 7 h after pressure step application, comparing the experimental data (circles) and model prediction (squares). (ii) n = 30 (150 Pa), n = 4 (450 Pa), n = 18 (650 Pa) and n = 7 (850 Pa). (iii) and (iv) n = 8 (150 Pa), n = 4 (450 Pa), n = 9 (650 Pa) and n = 7 (850 Pa). (v) n = 8 (150 Pa), n = 4 (450 Pa), n = 7 (650 Pa) and n = 7 (850 Pa).
