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Many-body entanglement in solid-state emitters

Nature Reviews Materials (2026)Cite this article

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Abstract

The preparation and control of quantum states lie at the heart of quantum information science. Recent advances in solid-state quantum emitters (QEs) and nanophotonics have transformed the landscape of quantum photonic technologies, enabling scalable generation of quantum states of light and matter. A new frontier in solid-state quantum photonics is the engineering of many-body interactions between QEs and photons to achieve robust coherence and controllable many-body entanglement. These entangled states, including photonic graph and cluster states, superradiant emission and emergent quantum phases, are promising for quantum computation, sensing and simulation. However, intrinsic inhomogeneities and decoherence in solid-state platforms pose considerable challenges in realizing such complex entangled states. This Review provides an overview of fundamental many-body interactions and dynamics at the light–matter interfaces of solid-state QEs and discusses recent advances in mitigating decoherence and harnessing robust many-body coherence.

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Fig. 1: Overview of achieving many-body entanglement with solid-state quantum emitters integrated in nanophotonics.
Fig. 2: Many-body entanglement and collective emission in solid-state quantum emitter systems.
Fig. 3: Collective interactions of multiple solid-state quantum emitters in nanophotonic environments observed across molecular, quantum-dot and colour-centre platforms.
Fig. 4: Pathways to achieve strong photon nonlinearity through exciton-polaritons.
Fig. 5: Generation of graph states and applications of many-body entanglement.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, through the Quantum Photonic Integrated Design Center (QuPIDC) EFRC award DE-SC0025620.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Emma Daggett,  Chanchal, Kinjol Barua, Jonas M. Peterson, Na Liu, Jonathan D. Hood, Valentin Walther & Libai Huang

  2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Christian M. Lange, Xingyu Gao, Tongcang Li, Jonathan D. Hood & Valentin Walther

  3. Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany

    Bennet Windt, Jordi Arnau Montañà-López & Rahul Trivedi

  4. Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Munich, Germany

    Bennet Windt, Jordi Arnau Montañà-López & Rahul Trivedi

  5. Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    Arshag Danageozian & Sophia E. Economou

  6. Virginia Tech Center for Quantum Information Science and Engineering, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    Arshag Danageozian & Sophia E. Economou

  7. Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Alexander Senichev, Kinjol Barua, Tongcang Li, Vladamir M. Shalaev, Alexandra Boltasseva & Libai Huang

  8. Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Alexander Senichev, Vladamir M. Shalaev & Alexandra Boltasseva

  9. Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

    Zhaoyun Zheng, Chuchuan Hong & Teri Odom

  10. Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Vijin Kizhake Veetil & Matthew Pelton

  11. Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Souvik Biswas & Jelena Vučković

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  1. Emma Daggett
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  2. Christian M. Lange
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Contributions

All authors contributed substantially to discussion of the content. L.H. initiated the project. E.D., C.M.L., B.W., A.D., A.S., J. A.M.-L., C., K.B., X.G., Z.Z., V.K.V., S.B., J.M.P., N.L., C.H., J.D.H., V.W., R.T. and L.H. wrote the Review. T.O., M.P., T.L., J.V., V.M.S., A.B. and S.E.E. reviewed and edited the manuscript before submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Libai Huang.

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Nature Reviews Materials thanks Adam Gali for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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Daggett, E., Lange, C.M., Windt, B. et al. Many-body entanglement in solid-state emitters. Nat Rev Mater (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-026-00893-8

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