Extended Data Fig. 10: Comparison of normalized anomalies of Caspian Sea level changes and three primary drivers.

Normalized anomalies of changes in annual mean Caspian Sea level (black), Volga River discharge (blue), Russian total crop weight (yellow) and Caspian Sea evaporation (red). Precipitation (Extended Data Fig. 6) is the other primary driver. Sea-level change is positively correlated with Volga River discharge and negatively correlated with Russian crop weight and evaporation.