Extended Data Fig. 3: scRNA-seq expression analysis of wild-type and IL-27RA-knockout TILs.

a, TILs were obtained from B16F10 melanoma tumour-bearing wild-type (707 and 825 for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺_, respectively) and IL-27RA-knockout (376 and 394 for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, respectively) mice as in Fig. 1e. t-SNE plot shows the presence of wild-type and IL-27RA-knockout CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ TILs as indicated. b, Clustering using the Louvain–Jaccard method (40 nearest neighbours and 13 principal components³⁷). c, The composition of each cluster in terms of total number (c) and percentage (d) of wild-type (red) and IL-27RA-knockout (blue) cells. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, one sample t-test. e, Projection of the IL-27 co-inhibitory module signature on the scRNA-seq data. The contour plot marks the region of highly expressing cells by taking into account only those cells that have an expression value above the mean. f, Violin and box plots displaying the distribution of the IL-27 co-inhibitory module signature score compared between wild-type (72 and 98 for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, respectively) and IL-27RA-knockout (85 and 77 for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, respectively) cells in clusters 4 and 5 (CD4⁺ and CD8⁺, respectively). *P = 0.01, one-sided t-test. The top and bottom hinges in the boxplot correspond to the first and third quartiles, and the horizontal line denotes the median.