Extended Data Fig. 2: Spectral close-ups of the pigment fingerprint region for nineteen archosaur eggshells.

Spectra are at 1,500–1,700 cm−1 ± 2 cm−1 from 6 accumulations, and are baselined and normalized. a, Unpigmented eggshell samples (Fig. 1). b, Eggshell samples containing only protoporphyrin IX. Red bands label the set of bands that is diagnostic for protoporphyrin IX eggshell pigment. c, Biliverdin-rich eggshell samples. Blue bands label the set of bands that is diagnostic for biliverdin eggshell pigment. Note the characteristic spectral differences between unpigmented and pigmented eggshell samples. 1, A. mississipiensis; 2, M. peeblesorum (YPM VP PU 023464); 3, South American saltasaurid; 4, French titanosaurid; 5, G. domesticus; 6, Chinese troodontid; 7, Mongolian microtroodontid (MAE 14-40); 8, P. rothschildi; 9, Mongolian enantiornithine; 10, Mongolian troodontid (AMNH FARB 6631); 11, Mongolian troodontid (IGM 100/1003); 12, D. noveahollandiae; 13, R. americana; 14, D. antirrhopus; 15, Mongolian microtroodontid (IGM 100/1323); 16, H. huangi.