Extended Data Fig. 9: Conservation of poxin family members and 2′,3′-cGAMP-specific nuclease activity in Poxviridae, Baculoviridae and host Lepidoptera.
From: Viral and metazoan poxins are cGAMP-specific nucleases that restrict cGAS–STING signalling
a, Phylogenetic conservation of poxin family members in Poxviridae, Baculoviridae and host Lepidoptera genomes. Poxin catalytic residues (red) and 2′,3′-cGAMP-interacting residues (black) are indicated on the right, shaded in blue according to conservation, and listed according to VACV poxin amino acid number (Poxviridae, top) or AcNPV poxin amino acid number (Baculoviridae, middle). The metazoan poxin sequences from moth and butterfly genomes (Lepidoptera, bottom) share homology throughout the entire poxin protein and exhibit identical 2′,3′-cGAMP degradation activity, but the alignment with viral poxins does not allow definitive assignment of the catalytic residues. Phylogram schematics are based on previous analyses52,53,54,55. b, Coomassie-stained SDS–PAGE analysis of recombinant SUMO2-tagged poxin homologue proteins. c, TLC analysis of recombinant viral and host cellular poxin activity after 20 h incubation with substrates. All viral and metazoan poxin family members are specific 2′,3′-cGAMP nucleases. No activity is detected using the chemically related cyclic dinucleotide 3′,3′-cGAMP. The ‘−’ refers to a buffer-only control. Data are representative of three independent experiments.
