Extended Data Fig. 5: Vasopressin neurons integrate systemic and gastrointestinal osmosensory signals and are stress-responsive.
From: A gut-to-brain signal of fluid osmolarity controls thirst satiation
a, b, Additional data related to Fig. 3a, b. a, Schematic for fibre photometry recording of vasopressin neurons. Scale bar, 1 mm. b, Vasopressin neuron dynamics (average, left; individual mice, right) during vehicle or NaCl intraperitoneal injection (n = 7 mice). c, Vasopressin neurons are stress-responsive. Vasopressin neuron activity during tail suspension (n = 7 mice). d–j, Additional data related to Fig. 3d. d, Schematic. e, Change in vasopressin neuron activity after infusion, while hydrated or dehydrated (n = 4 mice, two-way ANOVA, Holm–Šídák correction). f, Vasopressin neuron activity during intragastric infusions, while hydrated (n = 4 mice). g, Vasopressin neuron dynamics of individual mice (left) and distribution of ΔF/F0 values before and after intragastric infusion with 500 mM NaCl (right). h, Vasopressin neuron dynamics during intragastric infusions after dehydration (n = 4 mice). i, Vasopressin neuron activity of individual mice (left) and distribution of ΔF/F0 values before and after intragastric infusion with water (right). j, Gastrointestinal osmolarity modulates both the median of ΔF/F0 (left; used here as a proxy for tonic activity) and the standard deviation (σ) of ΔF/F0 (right; used here as a proxy for bursting activity) of vasopressin neurons (n = 4 mice, two-tailed Student’s t-tests). Error bars represent mean ± s.e.m. Shaded areas in b, c, f, h represent mean ± s.e.m., and in g, i represent ‘before’ and ‘after’ infusion periods. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. The mouse brain in this figure has been reproduced with permission from ref. 35, Copyright © 2012.
