Extended Data Fig. 1: Origami rotor and anchor designs.

a, Routeing diagram of the origami rotor consisting of two 160-nm arms (Supplementary Table 1). The intact arm (a six-helix bundle) passes through a break in the orthogonal arm (two half-length six-helix bundles). Additional helices stabilize the junction. Two of these helices contain staple strands (black) that are extended from the centre of rotor (extension not shown; see c). Six staples within 14 nm of the end of the intact arm (light green) are labelled with Cy3 at their 3′ ends. b, Three-dimensional rendering of the rotor design. c, Magnified view showing the two staple strands (red) extending from the centre of the rotor, forming a 14-bp dsDNA segment and a 12-nt ssDNA overhang for ligation. d, The overhang is ligated to a longer piece of dsDNA, which serves as the substrate for the DNA-interacting enzyme. e, An atomic force microscopy image with large field of view of the origami rotors. Representative of more than ten independent biological replicates. Scale bar, 1 μm. f, Routeing diagram of the origami anchor consisting of three 20-nm wings, each made of a short 6-helix bundle motif (Supplementary Table 2). Several staple strands were extended with binding sites for biotin-labelled secondary oligomers for surface attachment. From the centre of the structure, three strands (black) were used to make an adaptor to allow ligation to additional DNA. Following the final strand crossover, the adaptor consists of 26 bp of dsDNA followed by a 12-nt ssDNA overhang. g, Three-dimensional renderings of the origami anchor. h, Origami structure used for characterizing the Brownian dynamics. The origami rotor, anchor and a dsDNA segment (as needed) were ligated together. The origami anchor is attached to the microscope surface using multiple biotin tags. i, Representative images of the origami anchors from one transmission electron microscopy experiment.