Extended Data Fig. 3: LPS-induced rescue of MIA behavioural phenotypes is transient, effective in aged mice and extends beyond three-chambered sociability.

a–e, Sociability measured 72 h after injection with vehicle (Veh) or LPS, in PBS and MIA offspring from Fig. 1c. Data expressed as per cent sociability (a), time spent investigating social (S) versus inanimate (I) objects (b), total interaction time (c), time spent in social (S), centre (C) or inanimate (I) chamber (d), and distance travelled (e) during three-chambered sociability experiments. PBS offspring + vehicle, n = 7; PBS offspring + LPS, n = 7; MIA offspring + vehicle, n = 8; MIA offspring + LPS, n = 6; from 2 independent experiments. f–j, Sociability measured before and 4 h after injection of vehicle or LPS in aged MIA mice (9–12 months old). Data are expressed as per cent sociability (f), time spent investigating social (S) versus inanimate (I) objects (g), total interaction time (h), time spent in social (S), centre (C) or inanimate (I) chamber (i), and distance travelled (j) during three-chambered sociability experiments. MIA offspring + vehicle, n = 6; MIA offspring + LPS, n = 7; from 2 independent experiments. k, Reciprocal social interactions measured after treatment with vehicle or LPS in PBS or MIA offspring. PBS offspring + vehicle, n = 9; PBS offspring + LPS, n = 9; MIA offspring + vehicle, n = 11; MIA offspring + LPS, n = 11; from 4 independent experiments. l, Marble burying index (percentage of buried marbles) measured before and 4 h after treatment with vehicle or LPS in PBS or MIA offspring. PBS offspring + vehicle, n = 12; PBS offspring + LPS, n = 12; MIA offspring + vehicle, n = 12; MIA offspring + LPS, n = 11; from 5 independent experiments. All n values refer to the number of mice used. Statistics calculated by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s (a–c, e, g), Dunnett’s (d, i) or Tukey’s (k) post-hoc tests, or two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Sidak’s post-hoc test (f, h, j, l). Graphs are mean ± s.e.m.

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