Extended Data Fig. 7: Comparison of global and regional trends in land-use emissions and Pale factors, obtained using different land-use change emission inventories.

a–i, Curves show trends in land-use emissions (black), emissions intensity of land use (orange) and agricultural production (red) for the global total (a) and for each region (b–i), using land-use change emissions from BLUE (solid lines; used in this work) and the combination of two bookkeeping models (dashed lines; available until 2015 only). In this work, we combined agricultural emissions from the FAO with land-use change emissions estimated by the BLUE model to perform Pale analysis of land-use emissions. We also performed an additional Pale analysis by using agricultural emissions from the FAO combined with the average of land-use change emissions from two bookkeeping models (BLUE and H&N). Lighter grey areas represent uncertainty ranges (68% intervals) of our estimates, determined by uncertainties in land-use change emissions and in agricultural emissions, as well as uncertainties in the GWP₁₀₀ values. Darker grey areas show uncertainties related only to land-use change emissions, determined from additional simulations with the BLUE model.