Extended Data Fig. 1: Chemical and enzymatic isomerizations proceed through polar aldose-ketose mechanisms.
From: Synthesis of rare sugar isomers through site-selective epimerization
a, Chemical isomerization reactions of glucose lead to unselective and complex thermodynamic distribution of products. b, ‘Izumoring’ enzymatic synthesis of d-allose proceeds through reversible polar enolization mechanisms under equilibrium control; see ref. 12. d-XI is d-xylose isomerase; d-TE is d-tagatose 3-epimerase; and l-RhI is l-rhamnose isomerase.
