Extended Data Fig. 5: The microbiota of hodor mutants.

a, Increased bacterial loads (cfu per larva) in hodor mutants when compared to control larvae. Bacterial loads were assessed in third-instar larvae raised on a high-yeast diet. b, c, Developmental rate of control and hodor mutant larvae in germ-free conditions, or following re-colonization with A. pomorum or L. plantarum in either high- (b) or low-yeast (c) conditions. hodor mutants remain developmentally delayed in germ-free conditions, particularly when reared on a low-yeast diet. Mono-association partially rescues the developmental delay of all larvae in low-yeast conditions, but the difference in developmental rate between control and hodor mutant larvae persists. d, Representative images of FluoZin-3AM (a zinc dye) stainings in the copper cell region of larvae reared in germ-free conditions or bi-associated with A. pomorum and L. plantarum. More zinc is apparent in the copper cell region of high-yeast-fed larvae relative to low-yeast-fed larvae, but this is unaffected by the presence of microbiota. e, Quantification of zinc staining in the copper cell region. See Supplementary Information for sample sizes and full genotypes. Scale bar, 30 μm (d). For comparisons involving two groups, a non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used. For cases in which more than two groups were compared, an ordinary one-way ANOVA test was performed with a Tukey post hoc test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Box plots: line, median; box, 75th–25th percentiles; whiskers, minimum to maximum.