Extended Data Fig. 9: ROIs that reflect several preceding song contexts.
a, b, ROIs that are active in multiple preceding contexts. (Δf/f0)denoised traces are aligned to a specific phrase onset, arranged by identity of the preceding phrase (colour barcode). White ticks indicate phrase onsets. Box plot shows distributions of (Δf/f0)denoised integrals (y axis, summation in the phrase marked by star) for various song contexts (x axis). F number, P value, and effect size (η2 (95% CI)) show the significance of separation by song context (one-way ANOVA). Asterisks mark contexts that lead to larger mean activity compared to another context (Tukey’s multiple comparisons; n = 41 songs and P = 0.01,7.5 × 10−6, 5.6 × 10−5 in a; n = 19, P = 8.8 × 10−7, 8.15 × 10−8 in b). Average maximum projection images (see Methods) during the aligned phrase compare the song contexts that lead to significantly higher activity with the other contexts in orthogonal colours (cyan and red for high and low activity, respectively). Scale bar, 50 μm. c–e, Neurons with similar context preference to those in a and b on adjacent days. Tukey’s multiple comparisons: n = 44, P = 0.001, 4.08 × 10−6, 1.3 × 10−6 in c; n = 45, P = 0.0016, 2.85 × 10−6 in d; n = 30, P = 0.0002, 0.0001 in e. f, Fraction of ROIs with selectivity for one context (purple) or multiple contexts (red) identified using Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparisons (see Methods). Grey slices (n.a.) mark context-sensitive ROIs for which the post hoc analysis did not isolate a specific context with a larger mean signal. Top (bottom) pie shows selectivity for first (second) preceding phrases.
