Extended Data Fig. 8: Interneuron distributions in cortex and hippocampus.

a, Left, smFISH for GAD1, LAMP5 and LHX6 in marmoset hippocampal layers (CA1/CA2 subfields; n = 2 biological replicates). Arrowhead indicates triple-positive cells; arrow indicates the LHX6⁻ population. Top row, strata oriens (Str. Or) and strata pyramidale (Str. Py). Bottom row, strata lacunosum moleculare (LMol). Scale bars, 100 μm. Right, quantification of GAD1⁺LAMP5⁺LHX6⁺ (red) and GAD1⁺LAMP5⁺LHX6⁻ (cyan) cells as a percentage of all GAD1⁺ cells in marmoset hippocampus (n = 446 GAD1⁺ cells counted) (compare to previously published mouse data³⁹). Data are mean ± s.e.m.; dots represent biological replicates. b, smFISH for Gad1, Lamp5 and Lhx6 in mouse hippocampal layers (CA1; n = 2 biological replicates). c, Scatter plots of relative normalized gene expression (log₁₀-transformed) across pairs of marmoset LAMP5 types in neocortex and hippocampus. Data from Fig. 3d; neocortical (n = 5,114 interneurons) and hippocampal (n = 1,589 interneurons). d, Scaled, normalized expression of select gene markers that distinguish the three main LAMP5⁺ types in marmoset.