Fig. 2: Immune responses in COVID-19.
a, UMAP projection highlighting immune cell clusters. b, Visualization of myeloid cells using the first three DCs. Inset indicates group assignment. c, Fraction of myeloid cells in control (n = 7) and COVID-19 lungs (n = 19). Middle line, median; box edges, 25th and 75th percentiles; whiskers: most extreme points that do not exceed ±1.5 × IQR. Wilcoxon rank-sum test. d. Representative immunofluorescence staining for CD169, AXL and DAPI (large image) in control and COVID-19 lung tissue; top, selected area with overlay; bottom, individual channels. Scale bar, 20 μm. e, f, Top 20 recurrently detected IGHV–IGLV combinations in COVID-19 (e) and corresponding group annotation (f). *Combination for previously described anti-RBD antibody21. g, UMAP of T/NK cells; inset, group assignments. h, i, RNA expression (log-normalized) of GZMB (h) and MKI67 (i) in the same embedding as g.
