Extended Data Fig. 4: Schematic showing biphasic mechanisms upon delithiation and lithiation.
From: Operando optical tracking of single-particle ion dynamics in batteries
a, Shrinking core mechanism upon delithiation. b, Intercalation wave mechanism upon lithiation. Throughout, the lithium-rich phase (Li0.95CoO2) is represented in pink and the lithium-poor phase (Li0.77CoO2) in blue. Black arrows indicate the direction of lithium-ion transport at the particle surface (that is, charge transfer), and white arrows indicate lithium-ion diffusion in the bulk particle. Black dotted lines highlight the positions of the phase boundaries.
