Fig. 1: Plasmablast and antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 immunization.
From: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce persistent human germinal centre responses
a, Study design. Forty-one healthy adult volunteers (ages 28–73, 8 with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection) were enrolled and received the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Blood was collected before immunization, and at 3, 4, 5, 7 and 15 weeks after immunization. For 14 participants (ages 28–52, none with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection), FNAs of ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes (LNs) were collected at 3, 4, 5, 7 and 15 weeks after immunization. b, c, ELISpot quantification of S-binding IgG- (b) and IgA- (c) secreting plasmablasts (PBs) in blood at baseline, and at 3, 4, 5 and 7 weeks after immunization in participants without (red) and with (black) a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. d, Plasma IgG titres against SARS-CoV-2 S (left) and the RBD of S (right) measured by ELISA in participants without (red) and with (black) a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline, and at 3, 4, 5, 7 and 15 weeks after immunization. Dotted lines indicate limits of detection. Symbols at each time point in b–d represent one sample (n = 41). Results are from one experiment performed in duplicate.
