Fig. 1: Working principle of the quantum gas magnifier using matter wave optics.
From: Quantum gas magnifier for sub-lattice-resolved imaging of 3D quantum systems
a, The density distribution of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice is magnified by matter wave optics composed of a pulsed dynamics in a harmonic trap and a free expansion. Subsequently, it can be imaged with optical absorption imaging of moderate resolution and without restrictions from optical density or depth of focus. b, Sketch of the 2D hexagonal optical lattice. c, Images of ultracold bosonic atoms in a 2D triangular lattice for constant system size given by the confinement ωsystem/2π = 225 Hz, but varying magnification of M = 43(1), 65(1), 80(1) (from left) tuned via tighter magnetic confinements ωpulse during the matter wave optics. d, Image of a larger system with confinement ωsystem/2π = 89 Hz imaged with magnification M = 43(1). e, Images of a honeycomb lattice and a boron nitride lattice with a sublattice offset of 4.6 kHz with a magnification of M = 89(1). The scale bars have a length of 1 µm. The atom number is in between 48,000 and 59,000 for the six images.
