Extended Data Fig. 5: Patient characteristics and histopathological analyses of a post-mortem COVID-19-affected lung.
From: The cGAS–STING pathway drives type I IFN immunopathology in COVID-19
a, Representative histopathology image of a COVID-19 lung in the early phase of DAD with extensive hyaline membranes (left) or in the late phase of DAD with fibrosis obliterating the alveolar lumina (right) (H&E stain). Arrows indicate hyaline membranes. b, Clinical parameters of the 8 patients with COVID-19 selected for the study. HC, hydroxychloroquine; Phase of the diffuse alveolar damage defined based on pure presence of hyaline membranes (exudative) or fibrotic changes (proliferative); * limit of detection is 20.8 copies per reaction (c/r) for RdRp gene, and 5.4 c/r for E gene; ** spike and nucleocapsid antibody; MxA-staining defined as high (>50% cells with intermediate to strong positive staining), or low (< 50%). c, Confocal microscopy images of representative COVID-19 lung section stained for CD31 (green) and p-STING (red). Arrow indicates an endothelial cell with activated STING. d, Proportions of CD163+ macrophages and CD31+ endothelial cells among p-STING+ cells in COVID-19 lungs (n = 4).
