Extended Data Fig. 8: Transplanted lacrimal-gland-like organoids.

a–b, Images depicting (a) partial and (b) whole removal of rat lacrimal gland and transplantation of lacrimal-gland-like organoids. Scale bar (inset images), 1,000 μm. c–e, Immunostaining for (c) PAX6 (green) and KRT14 (red), (d) SOX9 (green) and CDH1 (red), and (e) CD44 and CD31 (green) in serial sections of grafted lacrimal-gland-like organoids (5×) four weeks after transplantation into rat lacrimal glands. Lower panels in (c-d) show magnified views of the upper panels. Dotted lines in (e) indicate CD44⁺ lacrimal gland cells. n = 3 biological replicates. Nuclei, blue. Scale bars, 100 μm. f, H&E staining of 2 week-transplanted tissue. n = 3 biological replicates. Scale bar, 500 μm. g–k, Immunostaining of grafted lacrimal-gland-like organoids (5×) two weeks following transplantation to rat lacrimal glands: (g) human nuclei (green), AQP5 (red) and ACTA2 (magenta); (h) CD44 (green) and HTN1 (red); (i) SOX9 (green) and CDH1 (red); (j) human nuclei (green) and KRT14 (red); (k) LTF (green) and CDH1 (red), n = 3 biological replicates. Nuclei, blue; Scale bars, 100 μm. l, Immunostaining of human nuclei (green), ACTA2 (red) and CD31 (magenta) in grafted lacrimal-gland-like organoids four weeks after transplantation into rat lacrimal glands. Arrowheads indicate stromal cells, asterisks indicate vascular endothelial cells, and short arrows indicate blood vessels. n = 3 biological replicates. Nuclei, blue. Scale bars, 100 μm.