Extended Data Fig. 8: Establishment and characterization of the dual-recombinase MADM model.

(a) Genotype and the representative images of the MADM_hGFAP-FlpO tumour model. Brain boundaries are demarcated by dashed lines. The asterisk indicates the tumour region. Of note, tumours preferentially appeared in the olfactory brain structures (n = 5 mice were examined). (b) For Pcdh21⁺ M/T cells, Cre recombinase induces the knockout of Igf1 alleles and simultaneously turns the cells into red. Notably, if the Cre does not induce the inter-chromosomal recombination between the MADM cassettes, tdT⁺GFP⁻MYC⁻ cells will be generate (left branch). If Cre recombinase also conducts the inter-chromosomal recombination between the MADM cassettes, tdT⁺GFP⁺MYC⁺ will be generated (right branch). Notably, Pcdh21-Cre never expresses in OPCs or tumour cells. (c) The breeding scheme to generate the dual-recombinase MADM_IGF1 model. (d–g) Orthogonal analysis of the dual-recombinase MADM model to validate the independent labelling of the Cre-LoxP and the FlpO-FRT recombination systems in the same mouse. The configuration for each genetic composition is provided on the left (n = 2 mice were examined for each genotype). Scale bars: (a), 40 μm; (d–g), 40 μm.