Extended Data Fig. 9: The 21-channel EMG electrode assembled via BIND connection shows high signal fidelity and resistance against mechanical interferences, including connection pressing and stretching (50%).

a-b, EMG signals collected from ACF-connected control electrode (a) and BIND electrode (b) show that, pressing/releasing the connection between soft wiring and customized PCB induced noisy signals in control electrode, especially with actions. EMG signals from BIND electrode were less noisy and clearly distinguishable during and after pressure, indicating its resistance to pressure. c-g, Besides pressing, BIND connection also exhibits resistance to 50% stretching interference. One side of the BIND connection between soft wiring and customized PCB was fixed, and the other side was manually stretched to the 50% mark (c). Both electrodes showed noisy signals when stretched but the larger SNR in BIND electrode indicates that it can detect signals under strain (d, e). Releasing strain induced larger noise in control electrode but both electrodes recovered their ability to detect EMG signals after strain is released (f, g). All signals were subjected to a 50 Hz notch filter and a 30 Hz high-pass filter. Error bars in d, e are s.d. from 21 channels.