Extended Data Fig. 4: Effect of number of stripes on the collective interaction, and the superlinear scaling.

a, Schematic (top view) of an electronic metadevice with an effective width of W_eff. Microwave metadevices (Extended Data Table 1) were simulated at 70 GHz by COMSOL, where the first port was excited by a current source I = W_eff× (1 A mm⁻¹) to scale the total current of electronic metadevices with respect to their effective width. The second port was short circuited. b, Vertical electric field at the barrier E_z (real part; in-phase with input current) simulated for a device with two stripes. c, Current density (absolute value) at the 2DEG. d, Zoomed in current density (absolute value) at the 2DEG, showing confinement in about 2 μm. e, Vertical electric field at the barrier E_z (real part; in-phase with input current) simulated for an electronic metadevice with 8 stripes. f, Current density (absolute value) at the 2DEG. g, Zoomed in current density (absolute value) at the 2DEG, showing confinement in about 1 μm. The device shows two times more confinement compared to the device with two stripes. The results also indicates the capability of the devices in high-power operation, since at very high current densities of ~1 A mm^–1, the devices exhibit E_z much below the critical electric field of wide-band-gap materials. h, Simulated conductance and stripe array capacitance (entire gap depleted) of devices with different number of stripes. By increasing the number of stripes from 2 to 8, the capacitance is increased by 4.9-fold, while the device gains 7.8-times in conductance. Such superlinear increase in the conductance, enhances the cutoff frequency FOM of the devices.