Fig. 4: Antipathy towards vaccination outgroups.
From: Discriminatory attitudes against unvaccinated people during the pandemic

The average level of antipathy towards vaccination outgroups (that is, towards unvaccinated individuals for vaccinated respondents and towards vaccinated individuals for unvaccinated respondents; total n = 18,270). Antipathy reflects disliking a person from the vaccination outgroup versus the ingroup, with more positive coefficients indicating higher relative antipathy for the outgroup. The purple and orange points denote country-level AMCE estimates (n > 3,000) for vaccinated and unvaccinated respondents, respectively. The black points denote the pooled sample and include estimates for antipathy towards various other common targets of prejudice. The error bars denote the 90% and 95% confidence intervals. For more details, see the ‘Study 2’ (Modelling) section of the Methods.