Fig. 3: The population substructure and diversity of Epigravettian-associated groups in southern Europe.
From: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers
a, Population structure among Epigravettian-associated populations revealed by a neighbour-joining tree based on pairwise f2 genetic distances. Branch labels show unique drift lengths; black dots refer to individuals with newly generated data and white dots refer to previously published genomes; the position of each node does not imply the location where the split took place. b, Population diversity shown by PMR between individuals in different groups. The grouping of Epigravettian-associated populations is shown with the same colour in a. The black-outlined diamond marked out in the Gravettian group shows the PMR between the two Gravettian-associated individuals from southern Italy (Paglicci 12 and Ostuni 1). In the box plot the centre line is the median, box bounds delineate the interquartile range and whiskers extend to maximum and minimum values, excluding outliers. The sample size of individual pairs included in each group is reported in Supplementary Data 3.A.
