Fig. 5: Ancestry modelling of hunter-gatherers from 14–5.2 ka and their allele frequencies on phenotypic SNPs.
From: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers
a, The genetic ancestry of hunter-gatherers dated between 14 ka and 5.2 ka modelled using qpAdm, with Oberkassel, Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov, Goyet Q-2 and Neolithic farmers from present-day Turkey (Barcın, Menteşe and Boncuklu sites) representing Oberkassel (WHG) (blue), Sidelkino (EHG) (red), GoyetQ2 (orange) and Anatolian Neolithic farmer (green) ancestries, respectively. The average calibrated date is shown, with pie charts indicating the estimated proportion of ancestry for each group or individual. Details of the modelling are provided in Supplementary Data 3.E,F. The expansion of farming by 9, 8, 7.5 and 7 ka is shown as green shades. Adapted from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5903165 (CC BY 4.0). b, Allele frequencies of different hunter-gatherer groups (coloured dots) on four SNPs related to skin colour (SLC24A5 and SLC45A2), eye colour (HERC2/OCA2) and lactase persistence (LCT). Dots are maximum likelihood estimates and error bars show 95% confidence intervals of the derived allele frequencies (n, the number of individuals in each group, is provided in Supplementary Data 3.G). Dashed lines show the frequencies estimated for the indicated present-day 1000 Genomes Project populations (CEU, Utah residents of northern and western European ancestry; GBR, British; IBS, Spanish; TSI, Tuscan )37. Details on the allele frequency estimates are provided in Supplementary Information, section 12, Supplementary Figs. 27 and 28 and Supplementary Data 3.G.
