Extended Data Fig. 3: Model forcing fields for wind, thermal and meltwater perturbations.
From: Abyssal ocean overturning slowdown and warming driven by Antarctic meltwater
Hovmöller diagram of zonal-mean a) 10-m zonal wind velocity anomaly (m s−1), b) 2-m air temperature anomaly (°C) and c) surface downwelling longwave radiation anomaly (W m−2), from observation-based JRA55-do v1.3 for the historical period 1991–2019 and CMIP6 for the future period 2020–2050 (Methods). These required forcing fields for our simulations were derived using the multi-model mean of all 25 CMIP6 models available at the time of setting up the experiments (listed in the inset box). Sea surface salinity anomaly (psu) during 2041–2050 from the [wind+thermal+meltwater] experiment relative to the control run, around d) Antarctica and e) Greenland, respectively. f) Time series of annual-mean globally integrated Ocean Heat Content (OHC) relative to 2001 (ZJ = 1021 J) from the control run (grey line), the [wind+thermal] run (orange line) and the [wind+thermal+meltwater] run (blue line), respectively.
