Extended Data Fig. 1: Photoactivation parameters, response magnitude and reliability.

a, Spatial extent of two-photon optogenetic photoactivation. Top, response probability by distance from targeted locations. Curves obtained from the experiments that produced data in Figs. 1 & 2. Bottom, pixelwise photostimulus-triggered response averages of one example photostimulation group in three dimensions. b, Response reliability of facilitated responders in the stimulated area (top, “local”) and in the other area (bottom, “across”) as a function of false discovery rate (n = 310 stimulation groups, two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test). Boxes indicate median, 75^th and 25^th percentile, whiskers indicate upper and lower adjacent values. c, Most locally facilitated responders are weakly activated, with a small number being strongly activated. d, The number of facilitated and suppressed responders as a function of false discovery rate. Bar plots represent mean ± s.e.m, dots indicate individual stimulation groups (n = 130 in LM and 180 in V1). Statistical test used was a Wilcoxon signed rank test between facilitated and suppressed responder counts. Note that the y-axis was set to the 95^th percentile of the data for FDR 0.1 to facilitate visualization.