Extended Data Fig. 8: The overall positive effect of governance on population trends does not depend on class or whether a population was inside or outside of a protected area (PA) (n = 2,239 time series).
From: Protected areas slow declines unevenly across the tetrapod tree of life

To examine whether national governance modifies PA effectiveness, we modeled the interactive effect of class, PA, and governance on population trends (Supplementary Table 13). Symbols represent mean trends of individual time series estimated from a multilevel model. Transparent symbols are estimates that are indistinguishable from zero. Error bars are 95% credible intervals. Heavy lines represent the mean predicted effect of governance on population trends. Shaded areas represent 95% credible bands. Bird and mammal silhouettes © 2003-2023 Shutterstock, Inc.