Extended Data Fig. 5: In situ GTSAXS of S1^cyl/NP for two drying conditions.

We varied the incubation time Δt between the formation of molecular aggregates, indicated by a diffuse scattering ring (q = 0.027 Å⁻¹, full width at half maximum = 0.0058 Å⁻¹) and the formation of cylindrical microdomains (q = 0.026 Å⁻¹, full width at half maximum = 0.0013 Å⁻¹). Δt is defined as t_f − t_i, in which t_i is the time elapsed between the initial solution deposition and the first appearance of molecular aggregates. For two different drying conditions, the first appearance of molecular aggregates (Δt = 0) is shown on the left. For drying condition 1, t_i = 23:28 min; for drying condition 2, t_i = 49:18 min. As shown below, when Δt < 1 min, the final film is poorly ordered. When Δt = 11 min, the film forms highly ordered, hexagonally packed cylindrical microdomains, seen as sharp, highly ordered diffraction peaks. The results are consistent with the XPCS studies of S2/NP shown in the main text. Thus, long-range order can be obtained by varying Δt for morphologies other than lamellae.