Extended Data Fig. 3: XPS analysis and coverage factors.
From: Enhanced optoelectronic coupling for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells
a, High-resolution XPS analysis of the O 1s of ITO and IZrO, respectively for 5-nm and 20-nm thicknesses. b, C 1s, which demonstrates the environment of the O and C atoms. c, Calculated area of C 1s and In 3d5/2 of the six substrates TCO/2PACz. The coverage factor is calculated for the six substrates. The P/In atomic ratio is calculated by the means of XPS high-resolution spectra of P and In 3d5/2. d, The surface composition of the TCO/SAM samples with three oxygen species and –OH/In–O peak ratio. Note that the measurements here are for the average of three different measurements from different regions to increase the accuracy of the results.
