Extended Data Fig. 9: Electrochemical performance of Ca-O2 batteries under practical conditions.
From: A rechargeable calcium–oxygen battery that operates at room temperature
a, Discharge and charge voltage plateaus of the Ca-O2 battery tested in air show a stable cycling performance for over 450 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g and a specific capacity of 500 mAh/g. b, Discharge and charge voltage plateaus at 1 A/g and specific capacity at 1 Ah/g of the Ca-O2 battery display stable cycling for over 270 cycles (top). Discharge and charge voltage plateaus at 1 A/g and specific capacity at 2 Ah/g of the Ca-O2 battery are stable for over 150 cycles (bottom). c, Discharge and charge voltage plateaus of the Ca-O2 battery with a CNT cathode mass loading of 1 mg/cm2 show a stable cycling performance for over 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g and a specific capacity of 500 mAh/g (i.e., areal capacity of 0.5 mAh/cm2). d, Discharge and charge voltage curves of a Ca-O2 battery based on a thin metallic Ca anode (5 mAh/cm2) at an areal capacity of 0.5 mAh/cm2 and a current density of 0.25 mA/cm2. e, Evolution of the discharge and charge plateaus in d.
