Extended Data Fig. 8: Receiver operating characteristic curves across planned phonetic representations and decoding model-switching performances for word planning and production.

a. ROC-AUC curves for neurons across different phonemes, grouped by placed of articulation, during planning (there were insufficient palatal consonants to allow for classification and are therefore not displayed here). b. Average (solid line) and shuffled (dotted line) data across all phonemes. Data are presented as mean (line) values ± standard error of the mean (shade). c. Planning-production model-switch decoding performance sample distribution (n = 50 random test/train splits) for all selective neurons. Here, models were trained on neuronal data recorded during planning and then used to decode those same phoneme (left), syllable (middle), or morpheme (right) on neuronal data recorded during production. Slightly lower decoding performances were noted for syllables and morphemes when comparing word planning to production (p = 0.020 for syllable comparison and p = 0.032 for morpheme comparison, two-sided Mann–Whitney U-test). Data are presented as mean values ± standard deviation.