Fig. 1: Strategies to access fluorochemicals from fluorspar.
From: Fluorspar to fluorochemicals upon low-temperature activation in water
a, Overview of routes to fluorochemicals: (1) current industrial route, (2) preparation of fluorochemicals using phosphate-activated fluorspar, (3) synthesis of fluorinating reagents from fluorspar activated in water with oxalic acid, and B(OH)3 or SiO2. (Het)Ar, heteroaromatic. b, Cooperative activation of fluorspar using both a Brønsted acid and a fluorophilic Lewis acid (B(OH)3 or SiO2) to prepare fluorinating reagents for the synthesis of fluoroarenes (this work).
