Fig. 2: Identification of oxalic acid for cooperative activation of fluorspar.
From: Fluorspar to fluorochemicals upon low-temperature activation in water

Screening of Brønsted acids for cooperative activation of AGF with B(OH)3 (2.0 mmol) at 50 °C in water. The yields of HBF4 and HBF3OH were determined by 19F NMR spectroscopy (details in Supplementary Tables 3–6). The first pKa value (bold) refers to the dissociation of the first proton of the acid, and subsequent pKa values (non-bold) refer to the dissociation of successive protons. pKa, negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant.